Kathy (55 years old)

Kathy, a 55-year-old HR consultant, has a history of mixed urinary incontinence and urgency. She is dissatisfied with conservative and medical therapy, including different formulations of antimuscarinic agents and beta3 agonists, due to lack of efficacy. She had a urinary tract infection 2 months ago.

Medical history: 2 uncomplicated vaginal deliveries.
Physical examination: Abdominal, cardiac and pulmonary investigation: normal.
Urinalysis: Normal.
Bladder diary: Frequency: 13x. Average voided volume: 90-110 ml.
Bladder scan: No post void residual.